State-KeyLaboratoryofChemicalEngineering4原子结构与元素性质的关系4.1原子参数——表征原子基本性质的物理量4.2元素的金属性和非金属性4.3氧化值State-KeyLaboratoryofChemicalEngineering原子序数有效核电荷Z*=Z-Cr:3d54s1Cr:3d54s1Cu:3d104s1Cu:3d104s1Sc:3d14s2Sc:3d14s2Zn:3d104s2Zn:3d104s21.有荷电核效State-KeyLaboratoryofChemicalEngineering变化规律:同一短周期:Z增大,Z*增大显著。同一长周期:d区元素,Z增...