西安财经学院计算机科学系数据库系统概论AnIntroductiontoDatabaseSystems第十章数据库恢复技术提高数据库恢复效率的技术10.6具有检查点的恢复技术10.7数据库镜像10.6具有检查点的恢复技术一、问题的提出二、检查点技术三、利用检查点的恢复策略一、问题的提出v两个问题§搜索整个日志将耗费大量的时间（不知从何处开始扫描比较合适）§REDO处理：重新执行，浪费了大量时间（不知哪些事务确实已经完成且已写到磁盘上）解决方案v...
CNKICNKI中国期刊网中国期刊网((镜镜像版像版))图书馆数字化建设室制作中国知识资源总库（中国期刊网）是中国知识基础设施工程（ChinaNationalKnowledgeInfrastructure）的成果。以下简称“中国知网”。中国知网是综合性的大型数据库，覆盖的学科范围包括：数理科学、化学化工和能源与材料、工业技术、农业、医药卫生、文史哲、经济政治与法律、教育与社会科学、电子技术与信息科学等。简介：是目前世界上最大的连续动...
Class7.FoundationofGroupBehavior§7.1DefiningClassifying2ormoreindividuals,interactinginterdependent,,whohavecometogethertoachieveparticularobjectives.1.FormalGroup•Adesignatedworkgroupdefinedbytheorganization’sstructure•Commandgroup--Amanagerhisorherimmediatesubordinates•Taskgroup--Thoseworkingtogethertocompleteajobtask•Whydopeoplejoingroup?----Security,Status,Self-esteem,Affiliation,Powe...
Chapter12PowerPolitics§12.1Powerpowerleadershiparecloselyintertwined,leadersusepowerasameansofattaininggoals.Differences--1.goalcompatibilitybetweenleaderstheled;2.directionofinfluence;3.researchemphasis,style;tacticsforgainingcompliance1.DefinitionTheabilitytogetotherstodosth.Theywouldnotdooutoftheirself-interest•AcapacitythatAhastoinfluencethebehaviorofBsothatBdoesthingsheorshewouldnotother...
Class8.WorkTeam§8.1Teamsvs.Groupshowdoweexplainthecurrentpopularityofteams?outperformingindividualswhenthetasksrequiremultipleskill,judgement,experience(betterutilizeemployeetalents);facilitatingemployeeparticipationinD-M,motivationalproperty.1.Definitions•WorkGroup----interactingprimarilytoshareinformationtomakedecisionstohelpeachmemberperformwithhisareaofresponsibility.----helpeachmemberdob...
Class2FoundationsofIndividualBehavior•I.BiographicalCharacteristics•II.Ability•III.Personality•IV.Learning•DependentVariableProductivity-------(jobperformance)AbsenteeismTurnoverJobsatisfactionI.BiographicalCharacteristics1.Age•Age-Turnover:Theolderyouget,thelesslikelyyouaretoquityourjob.•Absenteeism:Inverselyrelated?Older--higherratesofunavoidableabsence•Productivitydeclineswithage?Unr...
DimensionsofOrganizationalChangeTopDown_______________Bottom-upRadical_______________IncrementalDiscontinuous_____________ContinuousPlanned_______________EmergentOD----Incremental,gradual,planedchangesOrganizationaltransformation---Decisive,rapid,fundamentalchangesChap.18OrganizationalChangeDevelopment§18.1ForcesofChangeSpecificfactorsactingasstimulantsforchangeDynamicChangingenvironment•Tech...
Class5.MotivationTheory§5.1conceptMotivation:•thewillingnesstoexerthighlevelsofefforttowardorganizationalgoals,conditionedbytheeffort’sabilitytosatisfysomeindividualneed•Need:someinternalstatethatmakescertainoutcomesappearattractive•Process:unsatisfiedneed---tension---drives---searchbehavior---satisfiedneed----reductionoftensionClass5.MotivationTheory§5.2EarlytheoryofMotivationThe1950swer...
Chap.14Organizationstructure§14.1DefinitionHowjobtasksareformallydivided,groupedcoordinated1.WorkSpecialization(labordivision)Towhatdegreearetaskssubdividedintoseparatejobs?•Individualsspecializeindoingpartofanactivityratherthantheentireactivity•prevalentbythelate1940s:1.efficientusageofemployee’sskill--lesstrainedreplaceskilled.Efficienttraining.2.Employee’sskillsatperformingataskssuccess...
Class4.Values,AttitudesandJobSatisfaction§4.1Values1.Concepts•Basicconvictionsthataspecificmodeofconductorend-stateofexistenceispersonallyorsociallypreferabletoanoppositeorconversemodeofconductorend-stateofexistence•Importance:1.Layingfoundationforattitudes,motivationviainfluencingperceptions;2.Individualsarenotvaluefree,standardofbehavior;aligningwiththeorganization’spolicy•Valuesystem:Ah...
Class6.ApplicationsofMotivation§6.1ManagementbyObjectiveAprogramthatencompassesspecificgoals,particularlyset,foranexplicittimeperiod,withfeedbackongoalprogressMBO4ingredients:goalspecificity,participativeD-M,anexplicittimeperiod,performancefeedback•Convertingoverallorganizationalobjectivesintospecificobjectivesfororganizationalunitsandindividualmembers•objectivescascadedownthroughtheorganiza...
Class3.PerceptionI.Definitionandimportance•Aprocessbywhichindividualsorganizeandinterprettheirsensoryimpressionsinordertogivemeaningtotheirenvironment•Whatoneperceivescanbesubstantiallydifferentfromobjectivereality,People’sbehaviorisbasedontheirperceptionofwhatrealityis,notrealityitself.II.FactorsInfluencingPerceptionTheperceiver,object,context•Theperceiver’spersonalcharacteristicsinterpre...
Chapter11Leadership§11.1Definitiontheabilityprocesstoinfluenceagrouptowardtheachievementofgoalsnotallleadersaremanagers;nor,forthatmatter,areallmanagersleadersDifferencebetweenmanagementleadership•attitudestowardsgoals:Managerstendtoadoptimpersonal,leaderstakeapersonalactive.Workview:anenablingprocessinvolving--,temperamentallydisposedtoseekoutriskdanger.Prefertoworkwithpeople,concernedwithid...
Chap.13Conflictnegotiation§13.1ConflictAprocessthatbeginswhenonepartyperceivesthatanotherpartyhasnegativelyaffected,sth.Thatthe1stpartycaresaboutperceived;oppositionorincompatibility;interactioncrossover1.Transitioninconflictthought•Thetraditionalview--thebeliefthatallconflictisharmfulmustbeavoided•humanrelationsview--thebeliefthatconflictisanaturalinevitableoutcomeinanygroup•interactionist...
WillChineseStockMarketsMirrortheBehaviouroftheNASDAQ?-Whereisthesolution?ChristopherPollChairman,GreaterChinaConsultancyLtd.,3QUESTIONSRAISED•HOWTODEFINEA“WELLREGULATEDMARKET”?•WHATRELEVANCEAPRICE/EARNINGSRATIO?•IFINSTITUTIONALFUNDSAREASTABILISINGFACTORFORTHESTOCKMARKET,WHYAREDEVELOPEDMARKETSSOVOLATILE?HOWTODEFINEA“WELLREGULATEDMARKET”?TheFinancialMarketsareDynamic•Businessis“Proactive...
利用UltraISO的硬盘写入镜像技术制作启动U盘2009-08-0210:171、DOS镜像文件的选择目前网上有多个流行DOS镜像文件，大都是基于Windows98自带的MS-DOS7.1系统制作。为了便利，我们承受EasyBoot中自带的setup98.img文件(c:\easyboot\disk1\ezboot\setup98.img,1.44MB)，也可以用笔者精简过的setup98.img〔仅含启动必需的三个文件command，io.sys，msdos.sys〕其特点是比较纯洁，不包含太多的工具。2、制作工具选择选用最版UltraISO...
